Home improvement circuit construction technology Daquan

First, the circuit transformation process:

1. Draft the wiring diagram.

2. Scribing. Determine the location of the line terminal sockets, switches, and panels, and plot the exact location and dimensions on the wall.

3. Slot.

4. Embed the cassette and lay the PVC wire tube.

5. Threading.

6. Install switches, panels, various sockets, power boxes and lamps.

7. Check.

8. Complete the circuit layout and submit it to the company for record.

Second, the circuit reconstruction of the construction points:

1. When designing the wiring, the implementation of strong electricity, weak electricity in the next, horizontal and vertical, avoid crossover, beautiful and practical principles.

2. Groove depth should be the same, generally PVC pipe diameter +10MM.

3. When the power cord is wired, the cross-sectional area of ​​the conductor used should meet the maximum output power of the electrical equipment. In general, lighting 1.5 square meters, air conditioning hook and socket 2.5 square, cabinet 4.0 square, into the household line 10.0 square.

4. Dark line must be equipped with flame retardant PVC pipe. Socket SG20 tube, lighting SG16 tube. When the length of the pipeline exceeds 15m or there are two right angle bends, additional cable boxes should be added. The lighting fixture on the ceiling is fixed with a cable box.

5. The PVC pipe is fixed with a pipe clamp. PVC pipe joints are all made with mating joints and glued with PVC glue. The elbows are bent with springs. The cassette, pull box and PVC pipe are fixed with a splicer.

6. After the PVC pipe is installed, unify the wires, and the same circuit cable should penetrate the same pipe. However, the total number of pipes in the pipe should not exceed eight. The total cross-sectional area of ​​the wire (including the insulation sheath) should not exceed 40% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipe. .

7. Power lines and communication lines must not penetrate the same pipe.

8. The horizontal distance between the power cord and socket and TV line and socket should not be less than 500mm.

9. The parallel distance between electric wires and heating, hot water, and gas pipes should not be less than 300mm, and the crossing distance should not be less than 100mm.

10. The joints that penetrate the pipe wires shall be located in the junction box. The head shall have a margin of 150 mm, the joints shall be firmly connected, and the insulation tape shall be uniformly wrapped.

11. When installing the power socket, connect the neutral line (N) to the left side of the socket, the phase line (L) to the right, and the protective ground (PE) to the top. The protective ground is a 2.5 square bicolor cord.

12. When the weight of the pendant lamp is 3kg or more, the embedded part shall be installed on the top plate first, and then the lamp shall be fixed on the rear embedded part. Do not install on wooden wedges or wooden bricks.

13. When connecting the switch and screw fixture wire, the phase wire should be connected to the switch first. The phase wire led by the switch should be connected to the terminal in the lamp center. The neutral wire should be connected to the end of the screw thread.

14. The resistance between the conductor and the conductor must be greater than 0.5MΩ.

15. The bottom edge of the power outlet should be 300mm, and the bottom edge of the flat switchboard should be 1300mm. Wall-mounted air conditioning socket height 1900MM. Rejection socket 2100MM high, kitchen socket 950MM high, hanging disinfection cabinet 1900MM, washing machine 1000MM. TV 650MM.

16. The outlet panel of power supply, telephone and television in the same room should be on the same level and the height difference should be less than 5mm.

17. Each household should be provided with a strong or weak electric box. An electric leakage protector with an operating current of 30 MA should be provided in the distribution box. After the fractional road is controlled and opened, it controls the lighting, air conditioning, sockets, etc., respectively. The operating current controlled by the switch should be matched with the maximum operating current of the terminal device. Under normal circumstances, lighting 10A, socket 16A, cabinet air conditioner 20A, and household 40-60A.

18. When installing switches, panels, sockets, and fixtures, care should be taken to clean them. They should be arranged before the final application of latex paint.

Third, how to choose the home appliances in the wire, threading tube and switch panel:

1, circuit transformation involves the positioning of space, but also slotting, so it must be done in advance. It is forbidden to directly bury the wires in the plastering layer. No joints are allowed in the wire conduits. At the same time, the used wire tubes (PVC flame-retardant tubes) must be strictly inspected. The surface of the tube wall should be smooth, and the wall thickness must reach the finger and the pinch must not be broken. Strength, and should have a certificate of compliance. It is also possible to use a special galvanized tube of the national standard as a threading tube. To comply with national standards, the standard requires the use of wire tubes with a wall thickness of 1.2 mm. The standard requires that the total cross-sectional area of ​​wires in the tube not exceed 40% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the plastic tube.

For example: 20mm diameter PVC electric pipe can only wear 1.5mm2 cross-section wire 5, 2.5mm2 cross-section wire 4, but some construction teams are wearing six or seven 1.5mm2 or five six 2.5mm2 wire; wire and gas The distance between the pipelines is too close to the allowable range of the standard; in accordance with the standards, the quality inspection shall be carried out at the end of each construction phase, and acceptance records shall be made. However, the non-standard construction teams often do not have electrical hidden project acceptance records.

The principle of "safety, convenience, economy, and objectiveness" is followed for the laying of pipelines. At the same time, for special power circuits, such as air conditioners, baths, electric showers, etc., users are advised to check whether there is a protection device before purchasing, and then configure the corresponding leakage protection switch to ensure the user’s property. Safety. After the completion of the project, it is necessary to perform a leakage switch test and give a complete circuit diagram for future maintenance.

2, the choice of wire:

For fire prevention, maintenance and safety, it is best to use the single-stranded copper core wire with the “GB” plastic or rubber insulation protection layer of the Great Wall logo. The wire slot area is generally 1.5 square millimeters for the lighting line and 2.5 for the outlet. Square millimeters, the air conditioning line must not be less than 4 square millimeters, the connection line uses the green and yellow two-color line, then the switch line (fire line) uses any one of red, white, black and purple. However, the color of the thread used in the same home improvement project should be consistent.

3, switch panel, socket selection and installation requirements:

The size of the panel should be consistent with the size of the embedded junction box; the surface is bright and clean, the brand logo is obvious, there are security signs and the national Great Wall logo of the electrical safety certification; the switch feels flexible when the switch is turned on, the socket is stable, and the copper sheet must have a certain thickness; The panel material should be flame-retardant and sturdy; the switch height is typically 1200 to 1350 mm, the door frame edge is 150 to 200 mm, and the socket height is typically 200 to 300 mm.

Fourth, wiring:

1, bedroom:

Should generally be seven routes: including power lines, lighting lines, air conditioning lines, television feeders, telephone lines, computer lines, alarm lines.

Bedroom line terminal to stay: the top of the bedside cabinet to stay in the power cord, and the use of 5-hole plug strip with a switch is appropriate, you can reduce the bedside lights did not switch the trouble, but also should want to stay in the phone line, if the double head cabinet, The power and telephone lines should be reserved above the two nightstands. Above the dresser should be to leave the power connection, in addition to consider there should be reflected light above the mirror, plus a switch next to the box. The power cord, TV feeder, computer cable and telephone line interface should be installed above the desk or computer desk. The lighting lamp adopts single-head light or ceiling lamp. The multi-head light should be equipped with sub-controllers. The key is the switch. It is recommended to use dual-control switch, single connection, one is installed on the outside of the bedroom door, and the other switch is installed on the side or bedside of the bedside cabinet. Easy to operate parts. Air conditioning line terminal interface to stay, need to be set by air conditioning installation professionals. The alarm line will stay at the top position. If the bedroom uses under-floor far-infrared heating, the power cord and switching regulator must use switches that match the 6-square copper wire and the required voltage. The thermostat regulator must not be used for general lighting switches. The circuit must be laid separately until it enters. Household power control open part.

2, corridors, halls:

Should be two routes: including power lines, lighting lines.

The power terminal interface wants to leave 1-2. The lighting should be based on the length and area of ​​the corridor. If it is wider, ceiling light and wall light can be installed; if it is narrow, only top light or light-transmitting glass top can be installed, and the switch can be installed inside the outside.

3, kitchen:

Should be two routes: including power lines, lighting lines.

Part of the power cord is particularly important. It is best to use a 4mm2 cord because the number of equipment such as microwave ovens, range hoods, dishwashers, disinfecting cabinets, food processors, electric ovens, and refrigerators is increasing as kitchen equipment is updated. Should be based on customer requirements to stay in different parts of the power interface, and a little extra, in order to prepare for the future use of kitchen equipment added, the power interface should not be less than 50cm away from the ground to avoid short circuit due to moisture. Illumination light switch, preferably installed outside the kitchen door.

4, restaurant:

Should be three routes: including power lines, lighting lines, air conditioning lines.

Try to leave 2 to 3 power connections for the power cord. The light source is preferably a warm light source, and the switch is selected inside the door. Air conditioners also need to stay at the interface required by professionals.

5. Toilet:

Should be three lines: power lines, lighting lines, telephone lines.

The power cord is preferably 4mm2. Consider electric current heaters, electric heaters and other high-current devices. The power line interface is preferably installed in a location that is not susceptible to water immersion, such as on the upper side of an electric water heater, or on the upper side of a suspended ceiling. Electric heaters, currently optimistic about the Yuba, can solve the lighting, heating, exhaust and other issues, the bathroom switch should be placed indoors. The lighting or mirror light switch should be placed outside the door. If you want to leave a telephone interface in a relatively dry place, it is advisable to choose the left and right toilets. The telephone interface should pay attention to the waterproof type. It is best to place a fan switch next to the toilet.

6, living room:

Living room wiring should generally be 8 routes: including power line (2.5mm2 copper) lighting line (2.5mm2 copper), air conditioning line (4mm2 copper), television line (feeder), telephone line (4-core sheathed line) , computer cable (5 types of bi-foot line), intercom or doorbell line (optional 4-core sheathed cable, spare 2 core), alarm line (refer to smoke, infrared alarm line, use 8-core sheathed cable).

The terminal of each line in the living room wants to stay in distribution: in the top of the TV cabinet, it wants to reserve power (5-hole panel), TV, and computer line terminals. Air conditioning line terminal to stay hole should be in accordance with the air conditioning professional installers to determine the location to stay air conditioning line (16A panel), lighting line switch. Single or ceiling lamps can be used as single-link switches; multi-head pendants can be equipped with lighting controllers on chandeliers to adjust brightness as required. Leave a phone line at the edge of the sofa. Inside the door, leave the intercom or doorbell line. At the top, you want to leave an alarm line.

In the living room, if there are refrigerators, water dispensers, humidifiers, etc., and the power outlets are to be placed according to the placement position, at least five power outlets should be left in the living room.

7, study:

Should be seven lines; including power lines, lighting lines, television lines, telephone lines, computer lines, air conditioning lines, alarm lines.

The desk or computer desk in the study should be equipped with power cords, computer cables, telephone lines, and TV line terminals at the top of the desk. From the point of view of safety, one or two power sockets should be installed under the desk or computer to provide power for computer equipment. use. If the lighting light is a multi-head light, the sub-controller should be added. The switch can be installed inside the study door. Air conditioners want to leave mouth, should be required by professional installation personnel to stay. The alarm line should be left at the top of the wiring.

8, balcony:

Should be two lines: including power lines, lighting lines.

The power cord terminal wants to leave 1-2 interfaces. The lighting shall be located on a wall that does not affect the hanging of the clothes or concealed under the baffle. The switch shall be installed in the room associated with the balcony door and shall not be installed in the balcony.

9, install the TV cable connector problem:

According to the materials provided by a color TV manufacturer, in the complaints about the poor quality of the TV viewing by the users, more than 90% of the complaints received by the users are due to poor reception signals in the user's home. The problem, but more is the cable connector connection problem in the user's home: some of them are caught by the inner core and the outer shield, causing large-area parallel-line interference waves on the screen; some are poor contact of the inner core, resulting in individual Taiwan snow flicker; There is due to the user too much line, causing severe signal attenuation, should install a divider or amplifier. Therefore, in home decoration, we must think of factors that may affect the viewing, so as not to affect the future viewing results.

Fifth, special requirements in the wiring, the distance between the strong and weak electricity pipe trough more than 30 cm, this will increase the labor force for workers, but in order not to be depressed later, we require workers must do this, because the side-by-side route strong There will be interference between electricity and weak electricity. And our outlets are located 80 cm below the ground, because it is easy to see the wires at high places and it is not beautiful. Our kitchen was made as a whole cabinet. When the workers installed water and electricity here, they asked the cabinet company to determine the location of the kitchen's water and electricity. Although the cabinet company had already designed the hydropower, we still had three extra sockets in the kitchen. In the future, things will be added. If the decoration is complete, then the wiring will be completely different. The Lamin line does not look good, and the demolition of the decoration will be a dark line. Not only is people depressed and not worthwhile.

1, sockets should be installed, rather than lack of abuse. There must be a socket in the stairwell. Do not design the socket next to the hood, which has potential safety hazards.

2. Do not place the switch in a narrow space behind the door.

3. It is best to design a double control light in the walkway. This head is open and the head is closed.

4, the plug is best to buy with a panel, some long unused socket is not easy to damage.

5, restaurant lights to consider the table place, or the lights are not in the middle of the table.

6, small spotlights must be installed transformers, no transformers, lights like bombs will explode at any time, the final result is never open.

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