Method for identifying crop phytotoxicity
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1. Spots are mainly expressed on crop leaves, sometimes on stems or fruit epidermis. There are several kinds of spots, such as brown spots, yellow spots, dead spots, and net spots. The difference between the drug spot and the physiological disease spot is that the distribution of the former on the plant is often irregular, the whole field is light and heavy, and the latter is usually common, and the symptoms of the plant are relatively consistent, the drug spot and the fungal disease. The difference is that the size and shape of the phytotoxic spots vary greatly, and the disease has the center of the disease and the spots are consistent.
2. Yellowing is manifested in the stems and leaves of plants, with more leaves occurring. Compared with nutrient deficiencies caused by phytotoxicity, the former often develops from yellow leaves into dead leaves, which are often related to soil fertility and fertilization levels, and consistent in yellowing in the whole field. Compared with the yellowing caused by the virus, the yellowing caused by the phytotoxicity has a greenish appearance, and the diseased plant exhibits systemic symptoms, and the diseased plants in the field are mixed with the healthy plants.
3. Malformations are manifested in the stems and roots of crops. Common malformations include leaf rolling, clumping, root secondary, deformed ear, deformed fruit, etc. If rice is harmed by 2,4-butyl butyl ester, it shows typical hollow fruit and Malformed fruit.
4, the symptoms of wilting plants, most of these phytotoxicity caused by the improper use of herbicides caused by wilting and infective diseases caused by the wilt disease, the former has no disease center, and the disease process is slow, first yellow, then die There is no browning in the center of the rhizome; the latter is mostly blocked by the roots and stems, and the roots are browned.
5, stagnant growth The performance of the plant growth is slow, the general herbicide phytotoxicity inhibition growth phenomenon is more common. For example, when the rice is transplanted, the spray of butachlor is not appropriate, and in addition to brown spots, it also shows slow growth. The growth caused by phytotoxicity is slower than that of physiological diseases. The former is often accompanied by symptoms of plaques or other phytotoxicity, while the latter is characterized by poor root growth and yellowing of leaves.
6, infertility Improper medication during the crop growth period can cause infertility. If you use glyphosate at the booting stage of rice, it will lead to infertility in Shibuya. The difference between infertility caused by phytotoxicity and infertility caused by climatic factors is mainly due to the fact that the former exhibits infertility, and sometimes it is partially strong, but mixed with other phytotoxicity symptoms.
7. Shedding is manifested in fruit trees and some dicotyledons, with symptoms such as falling leaves and falling fruits. If the peach tree is harmed by copper, it will cause fallen leaves; improper use of Bordeaux mixture can cause apples to fall and fall.
8. Inferior fruit Mainly manifested in the fruit of the plant, the fruit volume is reduced, the fruit is abnormal, the quality is deteriorated, and the food and economic value are affected. The main difference between the inferior fruit and the inferior fruit of the disease is that the former has only symptoms and no symptoms, and the latter has symptoms and many diseases.