Emergency Response Measures and Procedures - Development of the American Institute of Health and Safety (ASHI)

First, emergency move

In most cases, emergency personnel should move people who have a disease or injury. However, in the event of a fire, explosion or collapse, you should drag the patient to a safe place. The direction of the long axis of the patient's body should be dragged to maximize protection of the spine. Do not pull the patient's side or pull the head away from the neck and shoulders.
Second, patients who do not respond
Emergency steps
1. Enter the scene. If the site is unsafe or becomes unsafe at any time, leave the site.
2. Approach the patient. Can't move? Can't respond?
3. Alertness. Call help. no help? Call an emergency center or implement an emergency plan.
4. Perform step ABC.

	A= airway Open airway · Tilt the head - lift the chin
	B=breathing Check breathing · See, listen and feel 5 seconds, but do not exceed 10 seconds · If the patient does not breathe properly, or you are unsure, perform CPR first aid · If the patient is breathing normally, determine the blood circulation
	C = blood circulation Find blood pressure or bleeding Directly controlled by pressure Look at normal tissue color
	Continue ABC steps Open airway Ensure normal breathing. Control blood Monitor tissue color and temperature Helps achieve normal body temperature If you have emergency oxygen and you have regular training, use emergency oxygen.

Third, respond to the patient emergency measures steps
1. Enter the scene. If the site is unsafe or becomes unsafe at any time, leave the site.
2. Approach the patient. Can't move? Can't respond? Assess whether you have the ability to rescue if the patient shows weakness or serious illness and injury...
3. Call the emergency center (call 911) or implement an emergency plan.
4. Perform step ABC

	A= airway Open airway Ensure that the patient can respond completely and that the airway can be opened and cleaned B=breathing Check breathing · Ensure that the patient is breathing normally
	C = blood circulation Find blood pressure or bleeding Directly controlled by pressure Look at normal tissue color Test the patient's temperature with your wrist
	Continue ABC steps Open airway Ensure normal breathing. Control blood Monitor tissue color and temperature Helps achieve normal body temperature If you have emergency oxygen and you have regular training, use emergency oxygen

Fourth, physical assessment
Physical assessment of injured patients is performed from head to toe injury. This includes asking about the signs and symptoms of sick or injured patients, as well as their medical history.
A general assessment (from head to toe) of physical conditions based on reasoning. The symptoms of injury can be viewed or felt by simple observation and slight contact.
The head, neck, chest, abdomen, pelvis and limbs were assessed. Doing DOTS tags can help remember the items to check.
- Modification (Deformities)
· Open injuries
· Tenderness
· Swelling (Swelling)
Ask questions to get information about patients' signs and symptoms and history.
SAMPLE can help you remember what to ask:
· Signs / symptoms Signs / Symptoms (signs of injury / illness symptoms)
· Allergies (medicine, food, environmental conditions)
· Related historical history (about medical issues)
· Drug Medications (or injured patients are taking)
· Last oral intake (liquid or solid)
· Incidents Events (events that cause disease/injury)
V. Rehabilitation
Patient is not injured
· Stay on the side of the patient; Ensure that the legs are straight
· Put one arm (above) at right angles, elbows bent, palms up
· Pass the other arm (below) around your chest. Put your hands back against the patient's cheeks
· With your other hand, grab one leg (above) and pull it up above your knee
· Keep the patient's hand under the cheeks and pull the leg (above) toward you
• Adjust the upper leg so that the hips and knees are at right angles 6 and the patient is injured (HAINES condition)
According to regulations, you should not move without responding to patients who can breathe and get injured. But in the following situations, you must move:
• When the patient is supine, the mouth may block the airway debris, congestion, or secretions
· When you must leave the patient for help
• When the patient is lying on a very cold or hot surface, you should put a blanket on the patient's body to obtain normal body temperature.
· Stay on the side of the patient; Ensure that the legs are straight
· Put one arm (below) around the head and the other on the chest
· Flex one leg of the patient at the knee (below)
· Put your hand on the neck of the patient's hollow place, to make it stable
· Put your head on the arm that goes over your head
• Bend both legs of the patient at the knees to make sure they are firmly in place: Do not leave individuals who are supine, unconscious or semi-conscious, alone, including those who are “coma” due to excessive alcohol and medication. This point is very important. The patient must have an open airway to survive.